Yogyakarta or Jogjakarta
Jogjakarta is also spelled Djokjakarta, Yogyakarta, Jokyakarta or Jokjakarta, kotamadya (municipality), Yogyakarta Daerah Istimewa (Special District), Java, Indonesia. It lies 18 miles (29 km) inland from the southern Java coast and near Mount Merapi (9,551 feet).
In the 7th century the locality formed part of the Buddhist kingdom of Sailendras, which was contemporaneous with the Sriwijaya empire of Palembang (Sumatra). It was probably included in the later Kediri and Singhasari kingdoms that ruled the region successively. At the end of the 13th century, eastern Java, and what is now Yogyakarta passed under its rule.
In the early 16th century, central Java had two Muslim Kingdoms, Demak and Pajang, which were incorporated into the powerful Muslim kingdom of Mataram by Senapati Ingalaga (reigned 1584 – 1601). The Dutch became established in the region in 1602. After numerous conflicts, Mataram subdued the state of Surabaya in the eastern Java in 1625 and gained general supremacy in the territory.
In rebellion against Dutch invention in Javanese politics, Sultan Hamengkubuwana I moved his court from Kota Gede to Yogya in Mataram in 1755 and renamed the town Yogyakarta. The British captured Yogyakarta in 1811, and Sultan Hamegkubuwana II was deposed and exiled.
In 1816 the Dutch repossessed the inland of Java, and by 1830 Dutch colonial rule was firmly established in the sultanate. After the period of Japanese occupation during the World War II, the Republic of Indonesia was formed. The national capital was removed to Yogyakarta when the Dutch occupied Jakarta in 1946; it was moved back to Jakarta in 1950 upon independence, and Yogyakarta was given the status of a special district in the Republic of Indonesia.
The city is famous as a cultural center and for its hand tooled silver products, batik, and leather goods. It is also has railway workshops, textile mills, tanneries, and pharmaceutical factories.
In Yogyakarta are the 18th century palace (kraton) of the sultan (the only traditional rule in Indonesia retaining any temporal power), a state university (Gajah Mada University, founded 1949), the Hatta Foundation Library, the Sono Budoyo museum, an art academy, and a private university.
The city also houses the kraton of Paku Alam, another traditional ruler. Other tourist attractions are the nearby ancient temples of Borobudur and of Prambanan, the country around Kaliurang, a hill resort high on Mount Merapi, and the village of Kota Gede, center of the silver industry. The city has an airport and extensive rail and road connections.
Taken from JogjaAd
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- Greg Roberts / Australia
This unbelievable journey that began at Jakarta and concluded at Ubud, Bali, would not have been possible without the guidance and recommendations of Udhi Sudiyanto, Director of Antar Anda Tour and Travel, Yogyakarta - Jan Thiels / Belgium
Dear Udhi We want to thank you for the good organization of our trip in Indonesia. - Cees de Mos / Netherlands
Namens de groep (8 volw. en 3 kind.) laat ik jullie graag weten dat onze reis niet alleen uitstekend is verlopen door Indonesie, maar ons ook zeer goed bevallen is.